On refining gold and silver articles
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Influence of gold, silver and gold–silver alloy nanoparticles on germ cell function and embryo development
The use of engineered nanoparticles has risen exponentially over the last decade. Applications are manifold and include utilisation in industrial goods as well as medical and consumer products. Gold and silver nanoparticles play an important role in the current increase of nanoparticle usage. However, our understanding concerning possible side effects of this increased exposure to particles, wh...
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Silver and gold, together with copper, form the transition metal group IB elements in the periodic table and possess very different nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic properties. While there is only one gold isotope ((197)Au), which has a spin of 3/2 and therefore a quadrupole moment, silver occurs in two isotopic forms ((109)Ag and (109)Au), both of which have a spin 1/2 and simila...
متن کاملReprotoxicity of gold, silver, and gold-silver alloy nanoparticles on mammalian gametes.
Metal and alloy nanoparticles are increasingly developed for biomedical applications, while a firm understanding of their biocompatibility is still missing. Various properties have been reported to influence the toxic potential of nanoparticles. This study aimed to assess the impact of nanoparticle size, surface ligands and chemical composition of gold, silver or gold-silver alloy nanoparticles...
متن کاملRefining of Gold at the Rand Refinery
10.2 Historical Development In the early days of South African gold mining, the crude bullion produced had to be shipped to London for refining. The concept of a local refinery had been considered for several years before the first positive step was taken in 1909, when the Transvaal Chamber of Mines founded the Witwatersrand Co-operative Smelting Works, to treat the gold and silver bearing by-p...
متن کاملPicosecond optical nonlinearity in monolayer-protected gold, silver, and gold-silver alloy nanoclusters
Monolayer-protected Au, Ag, and Au:Ag alloy nanoclusters have been synthesized using octanethiol and octadecanethiol as capping agents. The particle-size distribution is narrow with an average core size of 3–4 nm. Optical nonlinearity induced by 35 ps pulses at 532 nm has been investigated in these samples using the Z-scan technique. It is found that in general, they behave either as saturable ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the Franklin Institute
سال: 1829
ISSN: 0016-0032
DOI: 10.1016/s0016-0032(29)90200-3